Wet Chemical Fire Suppression Systems in the UK

Understanding Wet Chemical Fire Suppression Systems

Wet chemical fire suppression systems are specifically designed to extinguish fires involving cooking oils and fats (Class F fires). They use a specialized liquid agent that rapidly cools the burning substance while forming a soapy layer to prevent re-ignition. These systems are primarily used in commercial kitchens, food processing facilities, and areas with high fire risks involving cooking appliances.

Wet chemical suppression systems also provide limited effectiveness against Class A (solid combustibles) fires, making them a preferred choice for environments where traditional water or dry chemical systems may not be suitable.

How Wet Chemical Fire Suppression Works

When a wet chemical suppression system is activated:

1. Detection: The system detects excessive heat or flames near cooking equipment.
2. Agent Discharge: A potassium-based liquid agent is released directly onto the fire.
3. Cooling Effect: The agent absorbs heat, rapidly lowering the temperature.
4. Saponification Process: The chemical reacts with hot oils and fats, forming a soapy foam layer that smothers the fire and prevents reignition.
5. Automatic Shutoff: Many systems automatically shut off fuel and electrical sources to minimize hazards.

UK Regulations and Standards for Wet Chemical Fire Suppression

Wet chemical suppression systems must comply with UK fire safety laws to ensure reliable performance and protection. Below are key regulations and standards governing their use:

1. Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005

• Mandates fire risk assessments for businesses, including commercial kitchens.
• Requires suitable fire suppression measures where cooking risks are present.
• Enforces regular system maintenance and staff training.

2. British Standards for Wet Chemical Systems

• BS EN 3-7 – Performance requirements for portable wet chemical extinguishers.
• BS 5306-3 – Guidelines for fixed fire suppression systems in commercial kitchens.
• BS EN 16282 – Design and installation requirements for kitchen fire suppression systems.

3. Building Regulations (Approved Document B)

• Outlines fire safety requirements for commercial and industrial kitchens.
• Specifies ventilation and clearance needs for safe installation of suppression systems.

4. Health & Safety and Environmental Considerations

• COSHH (Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002) – Governs the safe use of suppression chemicals.
• HSE (Health and Safety Executive) Guidelines – Ensures compliance with workplace safety regulations.
• Environmental Agency Guidelines – Prevents the use of hazardous chemicals that may impact the environment.

5. National Fire Chiefs Council (NFCC) Guidance

• Recommends wet chemical systems for all commercial kitchens using deep-fat fryers.
• Advises regular maintenance and fire drills to ensure system effectiveness.

Key Considerations for Wet Chemical Suppression Systems

For optimal performance, wet chemical suppression systems should be properly designed, installed, and maintained. Key considerations include:

✅ Fire Risk Assessment – Identify kitchen fire hazards and necessary suppression coverage.
✅ Proper Installation – Ensure system placement aligns with BS EN 16282 and Building Regulations.
✅ Regular Maintenance & Testing – Conduct routine inspections to verify nozzle function, agent levels, and detection systems.
✅ Staff Training – Train personnel on system operation and emergency procedures.
✅ Regulatory Compliance – Adhere to BS 5306-4, COSHH, and environmental safety standards.

Benefits of Wet Chemical Fire Suppression Systems

✔️ Effective Against Class F Fires – Designed specifically for cooking oil and fat fires.
✔️ Prevents Re-Ignition – The saponification process forms a barrier to stop flames from returning.
✔️ Minimizes Kitchen Downtime – Quick suppression reduces damage and allows faster recovery after an incident.
✔️ Safe for Food Environments – Non-toxic suppression agents make it ideal for kitchens and food preparation areas.
✔️ Automatic & Manual Activation – Can be triggered automatically or manually for rapid response.

Final Thoughts

Wet chemical fire suppression systems are a critical fire safety measure for commercial kitchens and food preparation areas. Their specialized design, rapid cooling effect, and regulatory compliance make them an essential choice for businesses handling high-risk cooking environments.

✅ Assess fire risks and choose the right suppression system.
✅ Ensure compliance with BS EN 16282, BS 5306-3, and HSE guidelines.
✅ Implement regular maintenance, staff training, and system testing for maximum safety.

By installing a certified wet chemical fire suppression system, businesses can enhance fire protection, prevent costly damages, and meet UK fire safety regulations.